• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    Camshaft of variable geometry with desmodromic. Its purpose is to improve the admission and evacuation of gases, thus increasing the efficiency of the engine, through the use of variable section cams. The section that acts at each moment is determined by the longitudinal relative displacement between the set of cams and the probe. For this, an actuator of a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic or any other type that can be controlled or programmed, will be used to adapt to the needs of turn or circumstance. A desmodromic system is included, which allows the valves to be opened and closed with different cycles, allowing the engine to go up at high revolutions per minute, eliminating the inherent problems of the valve closing springs and extending the range of rotation. Applicable to engines or any other type of machine that requires the opening and closing of valves with different cycles or hoists. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2690094A1
    申请号:ES201700597
    申请日:2017-05-18
    公开日:2018-11-19
    发明作者:Rafael BIENVENIDO BARCELONA；Álvaro PIÑERO ALFARO
    申请人:Universidad de Cadiz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     CAMERA TREE OF VARIABLE GEOMETRY WITH DEMODROMIC SYSTEM. TECHNICAL SECTOR The sector of the technique to which the present invention refers is the motorization industry, specifically and for the most part to four-stroke explosion engines, although it will be applicable to any engine or machine that requires of variation of the behavior of the valves for the optimization of their operation. The invention affects the opening and closing system of intake and exhaust valves by means of cams. 10 STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Currently, most engines use a traditional camshaft, which does not conform to the engine's rotation regime, that is, the valves open and close in the same position of the crankshaft and with the same raised, regardless of rpm to which the engine rotates, or the needs that it has at each moment of operation. Numerous innovations in engines are known over time, but there are currently few variable distribution systems, in delayed closing and early opening of valves, such as that described in patent ES2097942 20 (from Ferrari), or in patent ES2019664. However, none of these inventions use a demodromic system, nor can they modify their valve elevation. In spite of the high technology that is currently used in the cylinder heads, it has not been possible to modify the times of the valves and elevations at will, at the same time that the springs are suppressed without this entailing an extra risk of breaking the front engine to a traditional system. Only one brand in the market is known, Ducati that mixes the variable distribution (similar to Toyota ES2371488T3 or Yamaha 30 ES2537398T3 system) with a demodromic. But it does not have the possibility of changing the elevation of the valve, nor can it modify the advance and delay of openings and closures independently.All these problems that arise cause great losses of power and limitations in the ranges of twist of operation of the motors with traditional butts; These problems involve adjustment of compromise valves, that is, they look for a medium setting between high and low number of turns so that they can function properly. There are patents that solve some of the problems raised, but without being able to get a solution for all of them at the same time, and with complex systems, of a large number of parts, and with the need for the use of springs, making the product 10 more expensive for use of the consumer in addition to an extra risk of breakage, more wear and energy consumption: The patent ES 2281479 T3, camshaft with hydraulic system, uses this to help the springs to the closing of valves, by means of an electronic control that 15 regulates each solenoid valve and the time and opening of the respective intake valve vary. This system has as main problems that it is very complex, expensive and consumes energy to the engine. In patent ES 2242120 T3, the invention is based on configuring the generic control 20 of the valve stroke so that the valve stroke can be adjusted accurately and reliably. Part of the action is solved by a hydraulic system that also uses springs. The main variation is the way it opens, and that can also vary the elevation). The patent ES 2097942 T3, Control system of variable adjustment valves for multi-valve engines, has cams with variable profile. This system acts on valves two to two. It has a cam profile limited by its probe and accurate springs. 30 Finally, US patent 2009272346 Continuous variable valve lift apparatus, is another variable adjustment system consisting of a system that modifies the rocker positions thus changing the valve opening times; It uses springs, so it is not demodromic, and it is a mechanism with a certain level of complexity, with a high number of pieces.EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION The present invention describes a desmodromic camshaft of variable geometry, by means of a system of shapes that allows to select an optimal valve opening and closing profile for each speed range, synthesized in a single piece for each action. This is achieved by varying its section by moving the cams longitudinally. The system has an opening cam and a closing cam (both with the variable geometry indicated above), in order to dispense with the need for springs or equivalent for the recoil of the valves (one cam pushes, the other picks up), thus eliminating the limitations and inertial effects of the spring (own waves) and significantly reducing the energy required for opening. The system also allows to be able to have a closure as fast as it is designed, 15 limiting the acceleration of the valve to only the profile of the cam and the mechanism that joins it to the valve (s) if any. 20 25 30 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1, 2 and 30 Demodromic of variable geometry pusher Part 1 Cam of variable section for the opening Part 2 Cam axis on which moves the pieces 1 and 4 Part 3 Concave probe in its longitudinal axes and transverse Part 4 Variable section cam for closing (complementary to part 1) Part 5 Pusher that transmits the movement of the cams Part 6 Sealing damper Part 7 Figo 4 and 50 valve Variable geometry demodromic with rocker Part 1 Variable section cam for opening Part 2 Cam axis on which pieces 1 and 4 move Part 3 Concave probe in its longitudinal and transverse axes Part 4 Variable section cam for closing (complementary to part 1) Part 6 Sealing damper Part 7 ValvePart 8 Third bar Part 9 Shaft on which the rocker rotates Part 10 Seesaw 5 Fig. 6 Y 7. Opening cam for the demodromic 10 15 Part 1 Variable section cam for opening Fig. 8 Y 9. Closing cam for the demodromic Part 4 Variable section cam for closing (complementary to part 1) Fig. 10 and 11. Sealing damper (part # 6) Part 7 Valve Part 11 Cushion cover, joins part 8 with part 13 Part 12 Plunger rigidly attached to part 7 Part 13 Damper cylinder body Part 14 Pressure spring MODE OF INVENTION. The demodromic mechanism with a cam of variable geometry that arises (figures 1, 20 2, 3,4 and 5) consists of: 25 30 An opening cam, of variable section with its advisable constant ends (Fig. 6, and 7) (piece 1 of figures 2 and 5). A second closing cam, of variable section with its advisable constant ends (Fig. 8 and 9) (piece 4 of figure 2 and 5), which is complementary to the opening one (Fig. 6 and 7) (part 1 of Figure 2 and 5). Both could be mounted on the same basket to facilitate lateral movements at the same time and minimizing efforts and parts. Another option is if the design allows or requires that they could go in two different synchronized baskets.5 10 15 20 25 30 An axis (Piece 2) with a truncated circular section in the section through which the cams will slide in order to be able to transmit rotation to them. Another option is if the design allows or requires that each cam could go on its own axis or a single axis for all cams, etc. As an example of demodromic (Fig. 1, 2 and 3) to transmit the movement of the cams to the valves by means of a pusher (Piece 5), which by touching with a probe at one end to the closing cam and another in the opposite of The opening one must have at least two guides (which will enter the cylinder head) that allows the sliding in the desired direction and restricts in the others, in addition it will avoid rotation. The movement will be joined to the shock absorber (Part 6) attached to the valve (Part 7). Another example of demodromic would be through the use of balancing (FigA and 5) which consists of the same parts as the previous one, only changing the pusher for the rocker (Piece 10) that rotates on an axis (part 9) and adding an extra degree of freedom, because the rocker arm has a circular trajectory at its end and the valves to which it is necessary to attach, have a rectilinear movement, this can be achieved through countless methods could take a groove as a way of joining for RP , it could be a RR union as in the example of the figures that has been made by a third bar (Piece 8) the rocker joint with third bar will be pair R which carries on the other end another pair RR with the next piece that already It has rectilinear trajectory. This connection is with the shock absorber (Part 6) and through it to the valves (Part 7). The probes for this system must be concave with the surface of the cam in its cross-section, which allows the relative longitudinal movement to be smooth on the cam and so that it touches at a single point (it is advisable to have a wheel with a bearing that resists laterally small efforts and make rolling easier) (Piece 3)5 10 15 20 25 Valve shock absorber (Fig. 1 OY 11) (fig. 2 AND 5 part 6), which allows them to be tightly sealed, by compressing the damper once the valve / s is closed / s s. This system will not imply a loss of energy per spring comparable to that of the traditional system (since it would be enough that it only has a small fraction of the valve travel on which to act, practically negligible), moreover, this system will contribute to power Having more aggressive valve opening and closing parameters, as it will help to overcome inertia at the beginning of the opening and will favor soft closing. Valve in this case rigidly attached to the shock absorber as will be discussed later (fig. 2 and 5 part 7) The shock absorber consists of: Piston or piston (part 12) in which it screws or joins rigidly with pins, screws, etc. To the valve (part 7). This piston housed in the cylinder (part 13), would be positioned below its path when the valve was fully closed. Thanks to the spring (piece 14), a more aggressive cam profile configuration can be made at the beginning of the opening and at the end of the closure, as this will help to slow down and accelerate the parts. The spring will also exert a tensile force on the valve longitudinally, and this will press against the seat of the cylinder head valves, which will give tightness. As for the shock absorber connection with the mechanism (Part 11), it is threaded or joined in the manner required by the design on the cylinder (Part 13) as shown in the figures. 30 The coupling of a damper in the valves, allows to achieve a good seal and help accelerate the opening and stop the closure of the same. This system can also be operated without a shock absorber, but it would not be possible to ensure tightness when there was wear, dilation ... on the engine.The demodromic applied minimizes energy losses, the speed limits and inaccuracies at different turns. Depending on the type of demodromic with or without a rocker, we have some characteristics or others. For example, in Figure 1, we observe a system with a large diameter cam and a system with few 5 pieces while with the rocker arm (FigA) a more aggressive camshaft is achieved if desired, more freedom of cam design, (Depending on the relative position between the rocker axes, we can multiply or multiply the effect of the cam, achieving a large rise with a small cam. 10 If a failure occurs due to the failure of the longitudinal cam displacer, these will continue to function, it would only lose its efficiency, it would not cause internal breaks As a beneficial result of the system is the torque, which will be much more linear, without the large jumps seen in the power graphs of any engine, 15 implemented this and therefore increasing both the average and maximum power. Or from a consumption point of view, reducing it significantly to similar powers. 
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1.-Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, characterized in that it has an opening cam and a closing cam, both with variable geometry, moving bias longitudinally along an axis, to obtain an optimal profile of 5 opening. and valve closure for each range of revolutions. 2.- Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, according to claim 1, comprising: An opening cam (1) of variable section with its preferably constant ends. A closing cam (4) of variable section with its preferably constant ends, which is complementary to the opening cam. A shaft (2) to transmit the rotational movement to the cams, with a truncated circular section in the section through which the cams will slide longitudinally. A pusher (5) or a rocker (14), to transmit the movement of the cams to the valves. Styli (3) concave in their longitudinal and transverse axes. Valve damper (fig. 10), which allows a watertight closure of the valves, by compressing the damper once the valve / s are closed. Valve (7). 3. Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, according to claim 2, in which to facilitate lateral movements, the cams can be mounted on the same basket or on two different synchronized baskets. 4.-Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, according to claim 2, in which the single shaft (2) for the opening and closing cams is replaced by two axes, one for each cam.5.-Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, according to claim 2, in which when the movement of the cams to the valves is carried out by means of a pusher (5), which touching with a probe at one end to the cam of closing and another in the opposite to the opening one must have at least two guides (5 of which will enter the cylinder head), which will allow sliding in the desired direction and will restrict the others, in addition to preventing rotation. 6.-Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system, according to claim 2, in which when the movement of the cams to the valves is carried out by means of a rocker (14), it rotates on an axis (13), adding a Extra degree of freedom, since the rocker arm has a circular path at its end and the valves to which it must be attached have a rectilinear movement. 7.-Use of camshaft of variable geometry with desmodromic, according to 15 previous claims, for all rotational regimes of an engine or machine, adjusting the ideal opening and closing times and elevations, both for the exhaust valves and for intake by using the optimal cam profile for each engine range.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2690094B2|2020-03-04|
    ES2690094A8|2019-12-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US5058540A|1989-11-24|1991-10-22|Takuya Matsumoto|Engine valve driving device|
    JPH04187807A|1990-11-20|1992-07-06|Shuichi Abe|Valve system for engine|
    US5129407A|1991-06-10|1992-07-14|J. D. Phillips Corporation|Variable camshaft|
    WO2000073636A1|1999-06-01|2000-12-07|Delphi Technologies, Inc.|Desmodromic cam driven variable valve timing mechanism|
    US20020020378A1|2000-08-11|2002-02-21|Kouji Asanomi|Valve drive mechanism for engine|
    US20050092274A1|2002-03-28|2005-05-05|Stefan Battlogg|Device for converting a rotational movement into a reciprocating movement|
    US20040139935A1|2002-12-27|2004-07-22|Suzuki Motor Corporation|Valve driving apparatus and internal combustion engine including the same|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201700597A|ES2690094B2|2017-05-18|2017-05-18|Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system|ES201700597A| ES2690094B2|2017-05-18|2017-05-18|Variable geometry camshaft with desmodromic system|
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